Internal-combustion engine



April 22, 1924. 1,491,508

0. E. BARTHEL INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 10. 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 April. 22 1924.

O. E. BARTHEL INTERNAL. COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Jan. 10 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet IIII W 1. l f FI III LLL Patented Apr. 22, 1924.

PATENT OFFICE.

OLIVER E. BARTHEL, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

m'rnnnanconnus'rron ENGINE.

Application filed January 10, 1920. Serial No. 850,619,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, OLIVER E. BARTHEL, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Detroit, in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

Thisinvention relates to a horizontal two cylinder internal combustion engine that has been especially designed for a tractor, constructed and tested, and found satisfactory as propulsion means for tractors, but my invention is not necessarily limited to this specific use of the engine.

My invention aims to provide an engine of such construction that easy access may be had to the oiler, magneto, governor, cam shafts, crank shaft and other parts, and provision is made for rendering the crank case tight against the entrance of dust, and impurities which would interfere with the lubrication and working parts of the engine.

The conditions under which a traction ongine operates are radically different from those of an automobile engine, the former requiring a different lubrication system from the latter, due to the fact that the air washers and breather devices do not completely remove dust, dirt and other matter from the air taken into the crank case and cylinder of a tractor engine. Dust and mud mixed with oil have such an abrasive action on the wearing parts of an engine that the engine is damaged, if there is not a constant washing action of the oil to keep the abrasive material moving away from the wearing surfaces. This invention prevents any abrasive action, due to foreign elements, by using a lubrication system which forces fresh oil to the parts that require lubrication, the oil drain.- ing from the crank case into a container, and it is possible to strain the oil and use it for what it may be worth.

My invention further aims to provide an explosive engine wherein the parts are constructed with a view of reducing the cost of manufacture and at the same time retain those features by which durability, ease of assembling, and a high degree of efliciency are secured. With such ends in view my invention resides in the novel construction to be hereinafter considered and then claimed, and reference will now be had to the drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the engine, partly in elevation and partly broken away;

Fig. 2 is a plan of the same, and

Fig. 3 is an enlarged cross sectional view taken on the line III-III of Fig. 2.

In the drawings, the reference numeral 1 denotes substantially a rectangular crank case provided with a bottom well or drain pit 2 and suitable brackets 3 so that it may be attached to a tractor frame, vehicle chassis or suitable support. The well orv drain pit 2 has a drain connection 2 for a suitable transparent receptacle (not 'shown'). The end walls of the crank case 1 have openings 4 adjacent the opposed side walls 5 andfi of the crank case, so that the openings are out of longitudinal alinement but have parallel axes. Suitably mounted in the openings 4: are the inner ends of longitudinal cylinders 6, each cylinder having a water jacket 7 with suitable connections for the circulation of a cooling agent, as water, from the radiator of a tractor. Each cylinder also hasoiler connections 8, a priming cup connection 9, and a connection 10 for a compression. relief cock when starting the engine.

At the outer end of each cylinder is a head 11 having intake and. exhaust valves 12 for the inlet and outlet of an explosive mixture and burned gases to and from the cylinder, said valves being operated in timed relation through the medium of rocker arms 13 in a casing 14 connected to the head 11. The rocker arms '13 are actuated by reciprocatory rods 15' extending over the cylinder 6 and through dust caps 16 and bearings 17 into the crank case 1, where said rods are reciprocated by cams 18 on transverse cam shafts 19 and 19 journaled in the crank case.

The-side walls 5 and 6 of the crank case have suitable bearings 20 for a'crank shaft 21 having crank portions 22 provided with connecting'rods 23 extending into the cylinder 6 and'articulated with pistons 24 slidable therein, said pistons being especially designed to insure a rapid dissemination of heat and withstand heavy duty within theengine cylinder. The crank shaft 21 has peripheral grooves 21 in its bearings 20 and is furthermore provided with radial ports 22" for the entrance of oil and ports 23 for distributing the oil to the crank portions 22 of the crank shaft.

On the crank shaft 21 are one or more till balance wheels and power may be taken from the crank shaft at any point outside of the crank case. On the crank shaft 21, within the crank case, is a gear wheel 26 meshing with gear wheels 27 on the cam shafts 19 and 19 and easy access is had to the cam shafts 19 and 19 by detachable plates 28 on the wall 5, while access is had to the gears 26 and 27 by a detachable plate or housing 29 on'the top wall 30 of the crank case, said top wall also having another detachable plate 31 which permits of the interior of the crank case being reached without disturbing the oiler, magneto, governor and other parts of the engine.

The housing 29 contains a magneto gear 32 driven from the gear 27 on the cam shaft 19, and on the side of the housing 29 is a bracket or pad 33 for a. magneto (n'ot shown). A coupling member 34: hasbeen shown in Fig. to which a magneto may be coupled to be driven from the gear 32.

One of the end walls of the crank case 1 has bearings 35 and 36 for a vertically disposed governor shaft 37 and a lubricant deflecting shield 38 is placed on said shaft over the bearing 35 to prevent lubricant from draining into a pump housing 39 suitably connected to one of the brackets 3, said pump housing having a conventional form of pump 40 with its pump shaft (l1 coupled, as at 4:2, to the lower end 'of the governor shaft 37. The pump 40 has a suitable water inletconnection 43 and a water outlet connection 44 adaptedto be connected to the water jackets of the engine cylinders.

On the governor shaft 37, above the bearing 36, is spiral gear 45 meshing with a gear ll) on the cam shaft 19, and on the governor shaft 37 is a conventional form of governor 47 adapted to actuate a crank 48 on a rock shaft el9, said rock shaft forming part of suitable mechanism for regulating the fuel supply system of the engine, so that the speed of the engine, for instance excessive speed, may regulate or reduce the supply of fuel which may be derived from two carburet-ers associated with two cylinders of the engine.

The governor :7 extends through openings in the top wall 30 of the crank case 1 and the detachable plate 31 into a dome 50 mounted on the detachable plate 31, said dome communicating with the crank case'to serve as a breather. The top of the dome 50 has a normally closed valve 51 which is retained closed by the expansive force of a spring 52 associated with-said valve, and said valve may automatically open to permit of air to escape from the crank case on the in-strokes of the pistons 24, and close to prevent air from entering the crank case on the out=strokes of the pistons. It is therefore apparent that the crank case is sealed against the intake of dust-laden air which would interfere with proper working of the engine and lubrication thereof.

To supply a suitable lubricant to the vari ous bearings and wearing parts of the enginc, a mechanical oiler 53 is mounted on a bracket 54 carried by an end wall of the crank case, said mechanical oiler having a crank 55 that may be oscillated by suitable connections 57 with ansend of the cam shaft 19*. A coupling 56 for such connections has been shown in Fig. 2, and

the connection indicated by dot and dash lines in Fig. 1. V

The oiler has conduit connections 58 with the connections 8 of the, engine cylinder and similar connections with the bearings 22 and the radial ports '22" of the crank shaft 21. It is therefore possible for the mechanical oiler to force oil or suitable lubricant to the wearing parts of the crank shaft and the cylinder walls of the engine, and by continuously washing the wearing surfaces it is impossible for dust and other matter to produce'ian abrasive action. The used oil or lubricant is eventually collected fromthe [bottom of, the crank case and by using a transparent receptacle for this purpose it is possible for the operator of the tractor to determine when the oil container should be emptied.

What I claim is V 1. The combination with an engine having a crank case opposed horizontal cylinders carried by said crank case, and a crank shaft in said crank case driven from within said cylinders, of an oiler above one of said cylinders supported from an exterior wall of said crank case at one side of the crank case and having conduits extending to said cylinders and said crank shaft, the conduit to one of said cylinders extending around the exterior of the crank case and the conduit of the other cylinder ext-ending downwardly from said oiler, a transverse shaft in said crankcase above the horizontal plane of said cylinders and operated from said crank shaft, and means exterior-1y of the crank case atthe side of said engine for operating said oiler from said transverse shaft.

2. The combination called for in claim 1, and other conduits extending from said oiler around the end of the crank case to crank shaft bearings at side of said crank case.

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

OLIVER E. BARTHEL.

Witnesses KARL H. BUTLER, ANNA M. Donn. 

